Geopolitical Briefing: Pakistan
11 May 2025
- A U.S.-brokered ceasefire between Pakistan and India collapsed within hours amid mutual accusations of violations, reigniting hostilities in Kashmir.
- Pakistan launched Operation Bunyan al-Marsus, a retaliatory campaign involving drone and missile strikes on Indian military installations.
- Pakistan’s artillery ammunition reserves remain critically low, limiting sustained military engagement capabilities.
- China reaffirmed its commitment to Pakistan’s sovereignty and continued investment in the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC).(Reuters, Wikipedia, The Times of India)
The ceasefire announced on 10 May 2025, mediated by U.S. President Donald Trump, aimed to de-escalate tensions following a series of deadly exchanges between Pakistan and India. However, the truce was short-lived. India accused Pakistan of violating the agreement through drone incursions and artillery fire in Jammu and Kashmir, while Pakistan denied these allegations and claimed Indian forces breached the ceasefire first . The rapid breakdown of the ceasefire underscores the fragile nature of peace efforts and the deep-seated mistrust between the two nations.(ElHuffPost)
In response to India’s military actions, Pakistan initiated Operation Bunyan al-Marsus on 10 May 2025. This operation involved coordinated drone and missile strikes targeting Indian military bases and infrastructure. Pakistan’s Defense Minister Khawaja Asif stated that the operation was a defensive measure against Indian aggression, emphasizing Pakistan’s right to self-defense . The operation signifies Pakistan’s resolve to protect its territorial integrity and respond proportionally to perceived threats.(Wikipedia, The Guardian, New York Post)
Despite demonstrating military responsiveness, Pakistan faces significant challenges in sustaining prolonged conflict due to critically low artillery ammunition reserves. Reports indicate that Pakistan’s stockpile could support only four days of high-intensity warfare. This shortage is attributed to recent arms exports and outdated production facilities, raising concerns about the country’s defense preparedness . The ammunition deficit highlights the need for Pakistan to reassess its military logistics and supply chain resilience.(Reddit, The New Indian Express)
Amid escalating tensions, China has reiterated its support for Pakistan’s sovereignty and continued investment in the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC). Chinese officials emphasized the strategic importance of CPEC in fostering regional connectivity and economic development. This reaffirmation signals China’s commitment to strengthening bilateral ties and supporting Pakistan’s economic stability during periods of geopolitical uncertainty . China’s backing provides Pakistan with a critical ally in navigating regional challenges and pursuing long-term development goals.
